What hormone is primarily responsible for stimulating ovulation?

Luteinizing hormone (LH) plays a crucial role in the menstrual cycle, particularly in the process of ovulation. It is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland and is essential for the final maturation of ovarian follicles. A surge in LH levels triggers the release of the mature egg from the ovarian follicle, a critical event in ovulation.

During the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, FSH works to stimulate the growth and maturation of ovarian follicles. However, it is the subsequent increase in LH, typically occurring around the midpoint of the cycle, that directly initiates ovulation. This surge in LH leads to the breakdown of the follicular wall, allowing the egg to be released.

In summary, while other hormones like estrogen and progesterone contribute to the regulation of the menstrual cycle and preparation of the reproductive system for potential pregnancy, it is specifically luteinizing hormone that is primarily responsible for the ovulation process itself.