What is the main indicator of metabolic syndrome?

The primary indicator of metabolic syndrome is central obesity, often assessed through waist circumference measurements. Central obesity is critical because it reflects the accumulation of fat around the abdomen, which poses a higher risk for cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. This accumulation is often associated with insulin resistance, leading to various metabolic abnormalities.

In diagnosing metabolic syndrome, healthcare professionals look for a constellation of symptoms, including central obesity, which is a key feature. The presence of increased waist circumference is particularly significant as it correlates with higher visceral fat, which is more metabolically harmful compared to peripheral fat. This aspect of fat distribution is crucial because it directly influences the body's response to insulin and can lead to other metabolic disturbances.

While high blood pressure, elevated blood sugar levels, and low HDL cholesterol are important components in the definition of metabolic syndrome, they are secondary indicators. Central obesity serves as the foundational indicator that ties the other risk factors together, making it a pivotal focus when diagnosing and managing metabolic syndrome.