Which condition is primarily treated with insulin therapy?

Insulin therapy is primarily used to treat Type 1 diabetes because this condition is characterized by the autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. Individuals with Type 1 diabetes do not produce any insulin, which is essential for regulating blood sugar levels. As a result, they require exogenous insulin to manage their glucose levels and prevent complications such as diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperglycemia, and long-term damage to organs.

In contrast, while Type 2 diabetes can be managed with insulin therapy, it often starts with lifestyle interventions and oral medications because the body still produces some insulin, although it may not be enough or the body may not use it effectively. Hypertension and hyperglycemia, while they may be related health issues, are not conditions for which insulin therapy is a primary treatment. Hypertension is typically treated with antihypertensive medications, and hyperglycemia can often be managed through dietary changes and medications other than insulin, especially in Type 2 diabetes management.